Hister (Merohister) jekeli: Bickhardt, 1913, 171 [Taihorin]; Miwa, 1931, 57 [Horisha]; Kamiya and Takagi, 1938, 31.
Merohister jekeli: Lewis, 1915, 55 [Horisha]; Ohara, 1992a, 378; Ohara; 1994, 136; ESK & KSAE, 1994, 137 [Korea].
Hister jekeli Marseul, 1857: 417, t. 10, f. 62 [China: Shanghai]; Marseul, 1873: 220 [Japan: Kyûshû , common das le fumier].
Hister (Hister) jekeli: Bickhardt, 1910: 44 [China, Japan]; Desbordes, 1919: 385 [Japan; Corée; China: Yunnan].
Hister (Merohister) jekeli: Bickhardt, 1913: 171 [Formosa: Taihorin]; Bickhardt, 1917: 188 [China; Japan]; Bickhardt, 1918: 230 [noted]; Kamiya and Takagi, 1938: 31 [listed]; Ôsawa and Nakane, 1951: 4 [noted].
Merohister jekeli: Kryzhanovskij and Reichardt, 1976: 304; Hisamatsu, 1985: 226, pl. 41, f. 4 [noted; photo].
Pactolinus jamatus Motschulsky, 1866: 169 by Harold, 1877: 345.
Japanese name: Emmamushi.
Ohara (1992)
Description. Male and female. Body length PPL (= length between anterior angles of pronotum and apex of pygidium) 8.0 - 11.9 mm, PEL (= length between anterior angles of pronotum and apices of elytra) 6.7 - 9.73 mm. Width 6.35 - 8.25 mm. Biometric data are given in Table 1. Body oblong-oval, black and shining; spines of tarsi reddish brown.
Frontal stria of head (Fig. 1B) complete, usually straight anteriorly, sometimes narrowly interrupted at middle. Disk of head evenly covered with fine punctures which are separated by about three times their diameter.
Marginal pronotal stria (Fig. 1A) broadly interrupted behind head, and complete laterally. Lateral pronotal stria complete and feebly crenulate. Disk of pronotum with coriaceo-reticulate ground sculpture. Punctation behind anterior angles dense, coarse and deep, rarely the punctation extending to base of pronotum (Fig. 2E). A longitudinal puncture usually present in antescutellar area.
Elytra (Fig. 1A) with a feeble subapical impression. Epipleural fossette with large punctures. Marginal elytral stria complete. Marginal epipleural stria present on apical half. External subhumeral stria present on basal half of elytra, by an arc. Internal subhumeral stria on apical half, frequently reduced. First - 3rd dorsal striae complete. Fourth dorsal stria variable, usually abbreviated at basal third, occasionally at basal fifth or half. Fifth and sutural striae variable and subequal, usually present on apical fourth or a little less, sometimes extending to middle.
Pygidia with feeble alutaceous ground sculpture. Propygidium (Fig. 2A) evenly covered with coarse punctures which are separated by one to three times their diameters, and with minute punctures scattered throughout. Pygidium (Fig. 2B) densely covered with moderate punctures and minute ones, becoming finer on apex.
Prosternal lobe round at apex, with alutaceous ground sculpture throughout, and coarsely punctate laterally, its marginal stria complete or narrowly interrupted at middle; narrow band between the marginal stria and margin of lobe with two stout and short striae on basal half of each side of the lobe. Prosternal keel rather broad, without carinal stria.
Anterior margin of mesosternum deeply emarginate at middle, its marginal stria complete and crenate. A short stria present between the marginal stria and antero-lateral angle on each side. Meso-metasternal suture complete, obtusely angulate at middle. Lateral stria of the metasternum crenate, extending obliquely and posteriorly, and united with the oblique stria which extends inwardly from the middle of the metasternal-metepisternal suture. Intercoxal disk of metasternum with coriaceo-reticulate ground sculpture, and finely and sparsely punctuate. Lateral disk of metasternum densely with round, large and shallow punctures, and with long hairs.
Intercoxal disk of 1st abdominal sternum with alutaceous ground sculpture, and finely punctulate along posterior margin, and completely striate on each side.
Protibia with 4 - 6 denticles on outer margin, its apical angle "bifid" (bearing two denticles), and the basal one minute. Profemur with femoral stria short, present on apical.
Male genitalia (Fig. 3A-F): paramera fused on basal two-thirds each other, its apical part lobate on dorsal surface; basal piece small.
Female genitalia as shown in Fig. 1F, of which spermatheca is consisted of 11 receptacles.
Remarks. This species is usually found under pig and dog dung,
cow muck (old dung), a barnyard fowl droppings and carrion.
Specimens examined. 25ÅâÅâ, 24ÅäÅäand 214 exs.
[Hokkaidô] 1 ex., Okushibetsu, Tesio, 13/vi/1950, T. Hasegawa leg. (NSMT).; 1 ex., Abashiri, 14/vii/1950, T. Kumata leg. (EIHU); 1 ex., Kenebetsu, Nemuro, 1/viii/1951, T. Kumata leg. (EIHU); 2 exs., Maruseppu, Kitami, 7/vii/1987, M. Ôhara leg.; 2 exs., Higashikawa-chô, Asahikawa, 28/vi/1986, T. Nishida leg.; 6 exs., Daisetsu, 28/vii/1985, M. Ôhara leg.; 2Åâ, 1Åä, Sôunkyô, Daisetsu, 23/vii/1954, K. Sawada leg. (NA); 1 ex., Jôzankei, 25/ix/1927, T. Uchida leg. (EIHU); 1 ex., Sapporo, 6/vi/1986, S. Kudô leg.; 2 exs., ditto, 9/vii/1985, M. Ôhara leg; 1 ex., Maruyama, Sapporo, 4/vii/1987, M. Ôhara leg.; 13Åâ, 11Åä, 62 exs., Toyotaki, Sapporo, 7, 20/vi, 13, 28/vii, 27/viii, 1/ix, 3/x/1985, 3/vi/1987, 21/v, 24/vi/1988, 18/vi/1990, M. Ôhara leg.; 1 ex., ditto, 20/v/1990, S. Shiyake leg.; 2 exs., Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo, 20/vii/1986, M. Ôhara leg.; 1 ex., Heiwa-no-taki, Sapporo, 14/viii/1987, M. Ôhara leg.; 1 ex., Omagari, Otaru, 10/ix/1944, T. Hasegawa leg. (NSMT); 2 exs., Asari, Otaru, 18, 25/vi/1978, T. Fujisawa leg. (EIHU); 3Åâ, 2Åä, Zenibako, Otaru, 19/vi/1979, N. Nishikawa leg.; 7 exs., Bibi, 28/vi/1987, M. Ôhara leg.; 4 exs., Hakodate, 19/vi/1954, T. Nakane leg. (NA); 1Åâ,1Åä, ditto, 9/vii/1954, K. Sawada leg (NA). <Yagishiri Is.> 1Åâ, 1 ex., Yagishiri, 21/vi/1985, Y. Kusui leg. <Rebun Is.> 1 ex., Rebun Is., 24/viii/1934, K. Hattori and M. Konishi leg. (EIHU); 1 Åâ, Horomi-tôge, 24/vi/1954, M. Konishi leg. (EIHU). <Okushiri Is.> 1Åâ, Okushiri port, 9/viii/1986, Y. Kusui leg.
[Honshû] <Aomori-ken> 1 ex., Oanabe, Towada, 3/viii/1953, A. Abe leg. (NA); 1 ex., Nebuta-no-machi, Aomori City,25/vi/1987, H. Sawada leg. <Iwate-ken> 8 exs., Kuriyagawa, 25/vi/1974, H. Hayakawa leg. (NA); 1 ex., no date, Ogasawara leg. (EIHU). <Fukushima-ken> 1 ex., Kawatani, Higashiyama, Kita-aizu, 11/viii/1948, K. Hayashi leg. (NA); 2 exs., Wakamatsu, 28/vi, 20/vii/1949, T. Yoneyama leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., ditto, 6/xi/1946, K. Nagayama leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Hinoemata, 15/vi/1986, A. Santou leg. <Ibaraki-ken> 3 exs., Yatabe, Tsukuba, 5/vii/1986, M. Kiuchi leg. <Tochigi-ken> 1 ex., near Mine, Utsunomiya, 30/v/1941, K. Kojima leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Kotoku, Nikkô, 8/vii/1967, J. Aoki leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Nikkô, 14/vii/1943, no collector's name (NSMT); 1 ex., Chûzenzi, 21/vii/1916, E. Gallois leg. (EIHU). <Gumma-ken> 1 ex., no date, S. Matsumura leg. (EIHU). <Saitama-ken> 1 ex., Kosode, Okutama, 7/viii/1951, S. Nomura leg. (NSMT); <Chiba-ken> 1 ex., Ôami, 15/vi/1980, M. Ôhara leg. <Tôkyô-to> 1 ex., Dairen, Midorigaoka, 27/v/1935, no collector's name (NSMT); 1 ex., Suginami, 2, 15/vi/1946, M. Itô leg.; 1 ex., Kogesawa,24/v/1942, T. Shinohara leg.; 1 ex., Ôui, 21/iv/1942, T. Shinohara leg.; 1 ex., Hoya, 24/v/1970, H. Takizawa leg.; 1 ex., Tôkyô, 1/vii/1927, Satô leg. (NSMT); 2 exs., ditto, 3/vi/1913, 28/vii/1914, E. Gallois leg. (EIHU); 1 ex., Moyen Env. d'Tôkyô, no date, E. Gallois leg. (EIHU); 1 ex., Ushigome, 4/vii/1933, T. Wakamori leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Komaba, 17/vii/1913, H. Takabayashi leg. (EIHU). <Kanagawa-ken> 1 Åâ, 1 Åä, Akuwa-chô, Yokohama, 3/vi/1983, K. Wada leg.; 1 ex., Sekirôzan, 26/v/1935, H. Uchida leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Honmoku, Yokohama, 10/vii/1938, K. Kojima leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Kamigo, Yokohama, 22/ix/1984, K. Masumoto leg. <Niigata-ken> 2 exs., Senami, northern Echigo, viii/1984, K. Baba leg. <Awa Is.> 1Åä, 7/vii/1937, K. Baba leg. <Toyama-ken> 1 ex., Toyama, 20/vi/1955, S. Takagi leg. (EIHU). <Fukui-ken> 1Åä, Inumi, Ôi-gun, 29/vi/1983, T. Itô leg.; 1 ex., Naramata, Echizen, 20/vii/1938, K. Iwata leg. (NSMT). <Yamanasi-ken> 1Åä, Mt. Daibosatsu, 21/viii/1982, N. Kobayashi leg. <Nagano-ken> 1 ex., Kamikôchi, 4/vii/1938, K. Sakaguchi leg. (NA); 2 exs., ditto, 21-28/vii/1947, S. Ôsawa leg. (NA); 1 ex., Noziri, 25/vii/1930, T. Ishida leg.; 1Åâ, ditto, 18-19/viii/1943, T. Nakane leg. (NA); 1 ex., ditto, Higashidake, 14/vii/1935, G. Ômori leg.; 1 ex., Singu, southern Kiso, vi-viii/1946, S. Nishigaito leg. (NA); 3 exs., Matsumoto, 11/x/1986, M. Kiuch leg. <Gifu-ken> 1 ex., Tominoho, Mugi-chô, 8/vii/1988, Y. Takai leg.; 1Åä, Hongô, Seki City, 2/viii/1977, Y. Takai leg. <Shizuoka-ken> 1 ex., Susono City, 13/viii/1980, F. G. Howarth leg. (BSM); 1 ex., Itô, Yawatano, Izu-Hantô, 10/vi/1979, M. Ishida leg.;. <Aichi-ken> 1 Åä, 2 exs., Higashiyama, Nagoya, vi/1948, S. Ôsawa leg. (NA); 1Åâ, 1Åä, Owari, 3/vii, 10/viii/1941, S. Ôsawa leg. (NA); 1 ex., Nagoya, 25/v, 16/vii/1941, S. Ôsawa leg. (NA). <Mie-ken> 1 ex., Sirako, Ise, no date, Miwa leg. <Ôsaka-fu> 1 ex., Nishinari, 9/x/1949, K. Sawada leg. (NA). <Shiga-ken> 3 exs., Omi-hachiman, 15/x/1990, S. Shiyake leg. <Hyôgo-ken> 2 exs., Motoyamamura, 16/x/1941, K. Sakaguchi leg. (NA); 1 ex., Harada, Kôbe, 17/v/1912, no collector's name (BSM). <Nara-ken> 1 ex., Nara City, 25/vii/1931, T. Wakamori leg. (NSMT); 4 exs., Kasuga, Nara, 22-23/ix/1968, S. Kondo et T. Okutani leg. <Wakayama-ken> 2 exs., Kushimoto, 24/v, 10/vi/1957, C. Morishima leg. (NSMT). <Tottori-ken> 1 ex., Yonago, 12/x/1987, M.Ôhara leg.
[Shikoku] <Tokushima-ken> 2 exs., Koyadaira, Awa, E. Gallois leg. (EIHU). <Kagawa-ken> 1 ex., Sanuki, Takamatsu, no date, S. Matsumura leg. (EIHU). <Ehime-ken> 1Åä, Omogo, 30/vii/1986, T. Tanabe leg. <Kôchi-ken> 1 ex., Matsubagawa, 23/v/1952, K. Kojima leg.
[Kyûshû] <Fukuoka-ken> 1 ex., Tatara, 10/vi/1945, Y. Kurosawa leg. (NA). <Kumamoto-ken> 1 ex., Okoba-machi, Hitoyoshi City, 10/viii/1986, K. Kimura leg.; 1 ex., Hashirimizu-rindô, Sakamoto, 15/vi/1985, T. Tanabe leg. <Miyazaki-ken> 1 ex., Koujima, 20/v/1975, M. Machida leg. (NSMT). <Kagoshima-ken> 1 ex., Kurino, Kirishima, 8/vii/1975, I. Ôtsuka leg. <Tsushima Is.> 1 ex., Ofunakoshi, 21/vi/1959, A. Urata leg. (NSMT).
[Nansei Isls.] <Yakushima Is.> 1 ex., Miyanoura, 20/vii/1975, K. Kajiyama leg.; 2 exs., ditto, 25, 27-28/viii/1990, M. Ôhara leg. <Amami-Ôshima Is.> 1 ex., Uragami, 4/vi/1968, Uno leg. (NA); 1 ex., Mt. Yuwandake, 18/vii/1963, Y. Kurosawa leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Hatsuno, 8/iv/1964, H. Kawai leg.; 1 ex., Amami-Ôshima, iv/1956, T. Kumata, T. Oku et S. Takagi leg. (HUEI); 1 ex., Kominato, 22/iv/1974, K. Ishida leg. <Okinawa-hontô> 1 ex., Okinawa, no date, Miyagi leg. (EIHU). <Iriomote Is.> 1 ex., Inda-misaki, 9/vi/1969, R. Musashino leg.; 4 exs., Sonae, 2/xi/1985, M. Tomokuni leg. (NSMT). <Ishigaki Is.> 1 ex., Omoto-dake, 27/vii/1985, H. Tanaka leg.
[Taiwan] 1 ex., Mandaisha, 18/vi/1938, K. Sakaguchi leg. (NA); 1 Åä, Nanshanchi, 9/vi/1972, Q. Du leg. <Lanyu Is.> 3 exs., Lanyu Is., 22/iv/1986, M. Ohara leg.
[Continental China] 1 ex., Changzimen, 1/viii/1940, K. S leg.; 1 ex., Manchukuo, no date, H. Tokuhiro leg.; 1 ex., Sinkyo, Manchukuo, v/2600 (=1940), H. Tokuhiro leg. (NSMT).
[Korea] 1 ex., Souel. no date, no collector's name. (BSM); 1 ex., Souel, viii/1953, Shin leg. (NSMT); 1 ex., Taiyudong, 1925, Corea, E. Gallois and S. Matsumura leg. (EIHU); 1 ex., Jinsen, 30/v/1923, Yuuki leg. (EIHU).
[Chisima Isls. (= Kuril Isls.)] <Shikotan Is.> 3 exs., Shakotan, 23-27/vi/1935, Y. Sugihara leg. (EIHU).
Distribution (Fig. 6). Japan (Hokkaidô, Honshû, Shikoku, Kyûshû, Nansei Isls.); Continental China; Primorskij Kray; Sakhalin; Kuril Isls.; Korea; Taiwan (proper, Lanyu Is.); Philippines; Korea; India.
Ohara (1993b)
Specimens examined. 1 ex. (dead individual), Shimohoro, founded under mink dung.
Japan: [Hokkaido] Proper: Futatsuyama, Shibecha, Kushiro (2 males, 30/ix/1994, 1/x/1994, IJ), K. Ijima; Naga-numa, Shika-numa, Atsuma (1 ex., 12/vi/1994, from decaying vegitable), M. Ohara; Nopporo (1 ex., 10/v; 1 ex., 16/vii/1973; HMH), Y. Sakamoto; Mt. Moiwa, Sapporo (1 ex., 25/vii/1987), A. Kashizaki; Tairahama, Taisei (2 exs., 26/vi/1994, SA), K. Sasaki; Jôzankei, Sapporo (4 exs., 2/vii/1994, SA), K. Sasaki; Shunkubai, Chitose (1 ex., 16/vi/1992, SA), K. Sasaki; Makomanai, Sapporo (1 ex., 24/viii/1995, SA), K. Sasaki.
[Honshu] Aomori-ken: Aoni, Kuroishi-shi (1 ex., 19/v/1940, APM), K. Shimoyama; Araya, Hiraka-machi (11 exs., 10/viii/1974, APM), K. Shimoyama; (1 ex., 5/ix/1973, APM), A. Satoh; Fukaura-machi (1 ex., 13/vi/1978, APM), K. Shimoyama & F. Takekoshi; Mt. Kamafuseyama, Mutsu-shi (1 ex., 4/vii/1979, APM), K. Shimoyama & A. Satoh; Hamanomachi, Hirosaki-shi (1 ex., 1/viii/1964, at light; 1 ex., 14/viii/1984; 1 ex., 26/viii/1985; APM), A. Abe; Hiraka-machi (1 ex., 3/viii/1979, APM), A. Satoh; Ôminato, Mutsu-shi (1 ex., 4/vii/1979, APM), A. Satoh; Mt. Yasuteyama, Hiraka-machi (2 exs., 30/vi/1974, APM), S. Sato. Iwate-ken: Yamagishi, Morioka (2 exs., 24/vi/1973), J. Okuma. Chiba-ken: Kaihotsu, Wada (1 ex., 18/viii/1991), M. Hinakura; Odake (#2623), Sakura-shi (1 ex., 2/x/1997; 1 ex., 6/x/1997; 1 ex., 12/ix/1997; CBM; 1 ex., 12/ix/1997, SEHU), M. Maruyama; Hatori (#2655), Sakura-shi (3 exs., 29/ix2/x/1997, CBM), M. Maruyama; Joza (#2623), Sakura-shi (4 exs., 27/ix2/x/ 1997; 2 exs., 24/x/1997; 1 ex., 29/x/1997; CBM), M. Maruyama; Sakato (#3427) (2 exs., 29/ix/1997, carrion baited trap, CBM), M. Maruyama; (2 exs., 2/x/1997, carrion baited trap, CBM), M. Maruyama and M. Sano. Tôkyô-to: Mt. Takamizu (1 ex., 27/vii/1972), S. Morita; Kanagawa-ken: Yokono, Hadano City (1 ex., 2/vi/1989), Y. Okushima; Sengenyama, Yokosuka (1 ex., 26/iv/1964, YCM), M. Kaneko; Mabori-kyoikuen, Yokosuka (1 ex., 27/vii/1975, YCM), N. Ohba. Gifu-ken: Hongô-chô, Seki (1 ex., 5/vii/1988), Y. Takai (Takai, 1995). Shiga-ken: Chikubu-jima, Biwako (2 exs, 25/v/1998., LBM, collected under carcasses of a cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo), K. Yahiro. Hyôgo-ken: Kawaragi-mura, Nishinomiya-shi (1 ex., 22/ix/1940), K. Kurosa.
[Shikoku] Tokushima-ken: Tokushima City (1 ex., 1958), N. Kawano.
[Nansei Isles] Okinawa-hontô: Ginowan (1 ex., 20/vii/1993), S. Katada.
[Russia] Malichebskaya, Cape Chrukin, Vladivostok, Primorskij (1 ex., , 22/vi/1997, from human excrement), M. Ohara.
Specimens examined (Ohara, 1999).
Taiwan: [Proper] Nantou Hsien: Shihtyutou (1 ex., 7/v/1989), native collector.
[Lanyu Is.] (2 females, 1822/iv/1986, collected from decaying fish), M. Ohara.
[Korea] Pyeonganbug-do: Taiyudong, 1925 (1 ex. [EHU], E. Gallois). Gangweon-do: Chunseoung-kun, 5/vi/1988 (1 ex., K. Kahy). Gyeonggi-do: Jinsen (= Incheon), 30/v/1930 (1 ex. [EHU], Yuuki ). Chungcheognam-do: Mt. Gyeryong-san, 6/vi/1986 (1 ex., J.-C. Paik). Jeonranam-do: Hwagae, Mt. Jiri-san, 18/vii/1995 (1 ex., J.-C. Paik); Tojimmen, Kimkwaigun (?), 8/vi/1915 (1 ex. [NSMT], M. Matsuda).
